Sikhism·Baarah Maahaa·Baarah Maahaa
Verse 1 of 14

A Heart Without Its Friend Is a House Afire

ਬਾਰਹ ਮਾਹਾ ਮਾਂਝ ਮਹਲਾ ੫ ਘਰੁ ੪
baarah maahaa maaNjh mehlaa 5 ghar 4
Baarah Maahaa ~ The Twelve Months: Maajh, Fifth Mehl, Fourth House:
ੴ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ ॥
ik-oNkaar satgur parsaad.
One Universal Creator God. By The Grace Of The True Guru:
ਕਿਰਤਿ ਕਰਮ ਕੇ ਵੀਛੁੜੇ ਕਰਿ ਕਿਰਪਾ ਮੇਲਹੁ ਰਾਮ ॥
kirat karam kay veechhurhay kar kirpaa maylhu raam.
By the actions we have committed, we are separated from You. Please show Your Mercy, and unite us with Yourself, Lord.
ਚਾਰਿ ਕੁੰਟ ਦਹ ਦਿਸ ਭ੍ਰਮੇ ਥਕਿ ਆਏ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਕੀ ਸਾਮ ॥
chaar kunt dah dis bharamay thak aa-ay parabh kee saam.
We have grown weary of wandering to the four corners of the earth and in the ten directions. We have come to Your Sanctuary, God.
ਧੇਨੁ ਦੁਧੈ ਤੇ ਬਾਹਰੀ ਕਿਤੈ ਨ ਆਵੈ ਕਾਮ ॥
Dhayn duDhai tay baahree kitai na aavai kaam.
Without milk, a cow serves no purpose.
ਜਲ ਬਿਨੁ ਸਾਖ ਕੁਮਲਾਵਤੀ ਉਪਜਹਿ ਨਾਹੀ ਦਾਮ ॥
jal bin saakh kumlaavatee upjahi naahee daam.
Without water, the crop withers, and it will not bring a good price.
ਹਰਿ ਨਾਹ ਨ ਮਿਲੀਐ ਸਾਜਨੈ ਕਤ ਪਾਈਐ ਬਿਸਰਾਮ ॥
har naah na milee-ai saajnai kat paa-ee-ai bisraam.
If we do not meet the Lord, our Friend, how can we find our place of rest?
ਜਿਤੁ ਘਰਿ ਹਰਿ ਕੰਤੁ ਨ ਪ੍ਰਗਟਈ ਭਠਿ ਨਗਰ ਸੇ ਗ੍ਰਾਮ ॥
jit ghar har kant na pargata-ee bhath nagar say garaam.
Those homes, those hearts, in which the Husband Lord is not manifest-those towns and villages are like burning furnaces.
ਸ੍ਰਬ ਸੀਗਾਰ ਤੰਬੋਲ ਰਸ ਸਣੁ ਦੇਹੀ ਸਭ ਖਾਮ ॥
sarab seegaar tambol ras san dayhee sabh khaam.
All decorations, the chewing of betel to sweeten the breath, and the body itself, are all useless and vain.
ਪ੍ਰਭ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਕੰਤ ਵਿਹੂਣੀਆ ਮੀਤ ਸਜਣ ਸਭਿ ਜਾਮ ॥
parabh su-aamee kant vihoonee-aa meet sajan sabh jaam.
Without God, our Husband, our Lord and Master, all friends and companions are like the Messenger of Death.
ਨਾਨਕ ਕੀ ਬੇਨੰਤੀਆ ਕਰਿ ਕਿਰਪਾ ਦੀਜੈ ਨਾਮੁ ॥
naanak kee banantee-aa kar kirpaa deejai naam.
This is Nanak's prayer: “Please show Your Mercy, and bestow Your Name.
ਹਰਿ ਮੇਲਹੁ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਸੰਗਿ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਜਿਸ ਕਾ ਨਿਹਚਲ ਧਾਮ ॥੧॥
har maylhu su-aamee sang parabh jis kaa nihchal Dhaam. ||1||
O my Lord and Master, please unite me with Yourself, O God, in the Eternal Mansion of Your Presence”. ||1||

Translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa

In plain words

Something I did turned me away from you, and now I feel so far. Please be kind — bring me back and make me one with you again. I've worn myself out wandering everywhere, to every corner of the earth, searching — and now I've come and sat down at your door.

A cow with no milk has lost its purpose; a crop with no water just withers in the field. And a heart that hasn't met its truest Friend — where would it ever find rest? The homes, the hearts where the Beloved isn't present are like rooms with a furnace blazing inside them. All the dressing-up, all the little ways we make ourselves look and smell nice — without the Beloved, none of it means a thing. Without you, even friends and companions feel cold and far.

So here is my whole prayer, plain and simple: please, be merciful, and give me your Name. Bring me home to you, into the place where you truly are.

A heart without its truest Friend is like a beautiful house with a furnace blazing inside — and no amount of decoration cools it; only the One can.
The deeper layer

This is the prologue to one of the most beloved songs in the whole tradition — the Baarah Maaha, the "Twelve Months," which will walk the soul's longing for the One through every month of the year. Before the calendar begins, this opening stanza sets the whole emotional key: a soul that feels separated and aches to come home.

Notice immediately how it explains the separation — exactly as the neighboring prayer does. By the actions we have committed, we are separated from You. The distance is not the One's withdrawal; it is self-made, the result of the soul's own turning-away. And the soul is weary — we have grown weary of wandering to the four corners of the earth — having searched everywhere else first, as souls do, before finally coming to the One's door. This is the universal shape of the journey: we look in every other direction, exhaust ourselves, and only then turn home.

The stanza's power is in its homely, unforgettable images of what a life without the Beloved is like. A cow without milk — purposeless. A crop without water — withering, worthless at market. And most piercingly, a heart in which the Beloved is not present is like a house with a burning furnace inside it — outwardly a home, inwardly an oven, no rest anywhere in it. Against this, all the soul's decorations — the betel to sweeten the breath, the ornaments, the body itself — are declared useless and vain without the One. Guru Arjan is not despising these things; he is saying they cannot fill the one emptiness that matters. And so the whole prologue narrows, as the song will narrow again and again, to a single plea: show Your Mercy, and bestow Your Name; unite me with Yourself.

A Question to Sit With

What have you tried to fill an inner emptiness with — and did any of it actually cool the 'furnace'?

Translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa·How we use AI

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